There are currently clinical trials being conducted for a CRISPR-Cas3 phage therapy, which is a combination of bacteriophages and CRISPR-Cas3, for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Locus BioSciences has developed this therapy. Trials are also being conducted in seven other areas, including blood disorders, cancers, inherited eye disease, diabetes, and infectious disease. New and efficient Cas9 variants have been developed to target complex genomic changes in diseases. The clinical trials so far have shown promising results for treating cancer, hematological, endocrine, and immune system disorders. CRISPR-Cas systems have become a part of the gene and cell therapy ecosystem and are currently being used to treat blood cancers and lung cancer in China. However, these therapies are still experimental and have not been approved for widespread use. Access to them is currently limited to clinical trial participants.