According to a study by economists Daniel Ahn and Rodney Ludema, Crimea's nominal GDP in 2016 was $7 billion with a per capita income of $3,000. The main industries in Crimea are agriculture and fishing, particularly oysters. The capital city is Simferopol, and it is the second-largest city on the Crimean Peninsula. As of 2021, the Russian census reports that the gross domestic product in Crimea is updating yearly, with an average of 214,972.050 RUB from 2014 to 2021. Since its annexation by Russia in 2014, Crimea has been receiving large subsidies from Moscow, amounting to about $1-2.7 billion annually. Russia has approved $13 billion in funds for the Crimean economy between 2015 and 2022. The industrial output in Crimea accounts for 18% of the regional GDP, with a dominant focus on food, chemicals, and shipbuilding. The economy in Crimea is expected to grow by at least 2 times in the next decade. However, Ukraine has experienced a significant economic loss of $135 billion due to the Russian occupation of Crimea.