According to multiple studies, the timing of exercise plays a critical role in energy metabolism, clock gene expression, and muscle protein synthesis. Adequate protein intake in the morning is important for maintaining muscle mass and strength. The present study found that exercise performed in both the morning and afternoon increased the expression levels of the clock genes Bmal1 and Cry1, which could enhance exercise capacity through changes in liver glycogen levels. The study also suggests that the effect of exercise on clock protein expression is independent of meal size.