Summary: The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1799 marked the start of the Napoleonic Wars, a series of conflicts between France and other European powers. Despite some successes, France ultimately suffered defeats in battles such as Waterloo and the Franco Prussian War. These losses led to the creation of a new diplomatic system that took into account individual interests and the balance of power. Meanwhile, French soldiers faced daily challenges and high casualties on the battlefield. Eventually, Napoleon's defeat resulted in the collapse of French forces in Spain.