Nash equilibrium is a concept in game theory where the optimal outcome is when there is no incentive for players to deviate from their initial strategy. 1 According to Nash, "an equilibrium point is an n-tuple such that each player's mixed strategy maximizes his payoff if the strategies of the others are held...2 This equilibrium is considered a stable state and a key concept in game theory. 3 It is also used in economics to illustrate decision-making in strategic interactions. 4 In a Nash Equilibrium, no player has an incentive to switch their strategy. 5 This concept is also applicable in non-cooperative games with multiple players. [6](https://www.britannica.com/science